Active immunization can be accomplished with tetanus toxoid. If a dangerous wound occurs after immunization, another injection of toxoid to increase the circulating antibody should be given. If the animal has not been immunized previously, it should be treated with 1,500–3,000 IU or more of tetanus antitoxin, which usually provides passive protection for as long as 2 wk. Toxoid should be given simultaneously with the antitoxin and repeated in 30 days. Even though it is not scientifically based, yearly booster injections of toxoid in animals are advised; in people the toxoid is given every 10 yr. The toxoid vaccination interval is currently debated among vaccine recommendations for sport horses. Mares should be vaccinated during the last 6 wk of pregnancy and foals vaccinated at 5–8 wk of age. In high-risk areas, foals may be given tetanus antitoxin immediately after birth and every 2–3 wk until they are 3 mo old, at which time they can be given toxoid. The decision to vaccinate lamb…

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